INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS 

     
 LINK : https://homepage.cs.uri.edu/faculty/wolfe/book/Readings/Reading01.htm
               https://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_fundamentals/
               http://ecomputernotes.com/fundamental
               https://gradeup.co/notes-on-computer-fundamental-i-324242b2-d967-11e5-be7b-4cda88ef8eae
               http://people.bu.edu/baws/computer%20fundamental.html
                
       
    
VIDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1a3R_xdHJ4k
               
               

                      HOW TO USE A LAPTOP

  Laptop or notebook computers are increasingly powerful, portable alternatives to smart phones and desktop computers for getting serious work done on the go. If you're moving up to your first laptop or just sitting down at an unfamiliar one, things might seem a little odd at first. Fear not - follow these steps for getting started with all laptops and we'll get you up and running like a pro in no time.

Part1

Setting Up Your Laptop

1. 
   1
   If you are using the laptop in your home, find an outlet and plug the charger in.Laptop computers run on batteries that can deplete rapidly, especially if you're using your laptop intensively. Unless you're somewhere remote or foreign where you absolutely have to go without, it's better to leave your laptop plugged in.
2. 
   2
   Place the bottom part of the laptop on the table/desk you are sitting in front of.They're called "laptops" because they can go on your lap, but that doesn't mean that it's always the best or right place. Try to find a comfortable angle for your wrists and hands - this might mean moving the laptop around until you find the best position for you.

   • Don't place your laptop on soft, fuzzy or shaggy surfaces that can block its vents. Most laptops have fan vents located on the sides and bottom that should be left unblocked for the laptop to run.
3. 
   3
   Lift the lid to open up until the screen looks comfortable for you. Most laptops have some type of clasp or latch which allows the screen to open.

   • If the laptop won't open, don't try to force it! Look for a latch instead. You shouldn't have to force the screen open.
   • Do not pull back the lid too far. A 45 degree obtuse angle is the most the laptop should be open to. The lid or hinge mechanism may be damaged or broken if pulled back any further.
4. 
   4
   Find the power button and turn it on. On most laptops, the power button is located slightly behind the keyboard. The power button is usually marked with the universal symbol for 'power on', a circle with a line going halfway through it.
5. 
   5
   Wait for the laptop to boot up. Since laptops are designed for portability as well as computing power, your laptop may have specialized hardware that will cause it to take longer to boot up than a desktop or smart phone.
6. 
   6
   Use the laptop's pointing device. On most computers, this is a flat, touch-sensitive area called a trackpad which will allow you to use your finger as your mouse. Simply slide one finger on the trackpad area to move the cursor.

   • Many trackpads are multi-touch - using multiple fingers will produce different user interface actions than using just one. Experiment with your laptop by dragging one, two or three fingers across it and trying different 'gestures' or movements with your fingers.
   • Lenovo laptops may use a small, red joystick-like button called a "trackpoint" located in the middle of the keyboard between the 'G' and 'H' keys. Use it just like a very sensitive joystick for just your finger.
   • Some older laptops may have a trackball. Rolling the ball on a trackball will cause the mouse pointer to move around.
   • Some laptops are equipped with a pen interface. A pen will be attached to the laptop in these cases. Hover the pen over the screen to move the pointer, and press the pen to the screen to click.
   • Do you find laptop pointing devices tiny and difficult to use? You can always attach a mouse to a laptop. Locate the laptop's USB port and attach a mouse if you'd like to use one. The laptop will automatically recognize the mouse and make it ready for you to use.
7. 
   7
   Use the trackpad's left click button as your primary mouse button. On most trackpads, you can click using a button located on the bottom left of the trackpad.

   • Some trackpads may allow you to tap lightly on the pad surface to click. Experiment - you might discover additional functionality to your laptop you didn't know you had.
8. 
   8
   Use the trackpad's right click button as the secondary mouse button. You'll do anything involving a "contextual menu" or a "right click" by just pressing the right click button located at bottom right of the trackpad.
9. 
   9
   Locate your laptop's optical drive, if any. If your laptop is not a 'netbook' it probably has an optical drive which you can use to install software or play music. The optical drive is usually located on the right or left side of the laptop.

   • In Windows and Mac OS, you can open the optical drive by pushing the small button on it, or by right-clicking the optical drive icon in your operating system and selecting "Eject".

  

                                      HOW TO USE A COMPUTER

There's a lot you can do with a computer, and if you're just getting started it can seem pretty daunting. Luckily, computers have gotten simpler over the years, and you can be up and running in just a few minutes. From setting up your new computer to safely browsing the internet and installing your favorite programs, see the guides posted below to start using your computer like a pro.

Part1

Getting Started

1. 
   1
   Set up your computer. If you are setting up a new desktop computer, there are a few steps you will need to go through before you can start using it. After finding a place near your desk to put the tower, you will need to connect your monitor, keyboard, and mouse, as well as plug the tower into a power source.

   • These are the only things required to be connected to the computer in order to use it. You can add more peripherals and accessories later.
   • If you are using a new laptop, you will have significantly less to set up. Plug your laptop into a power source to ensure that it is charged, and then power it on to begin.

   
   
2. 1. 
      2
      Create a user account. If you are using the computer for the first time, you will likely be asked to create a user account when you turn it on. This account will hold all of your documents, pictures, downloaded files, and any other files that you create.

      • If your computer is in a public setting, you should create a strong password to protect your personal information. This is highly recommended, even if your computer is a home computer.
      • This guide will show you how to create a new user account in Windows 7
      • This guide will show you how to make a new user account in Windows 8
      • This guide will show you how to make a new user account in OS X
   2. 
      3
      Get familiar with the desktop. The desktop is the main work area of your computer, and will likely be the most visited area of your computer. Your desktop appears every time you log into your account, and contains icons and shortcuts to your most used programs and files. The desktop will look and function differently depending on which operating system you use.

      • Windows operating systems (except Windows 8) are characterized by the Start menu in the lower-left corner of the desktop. The Start menu allows you to quickly access your installed programs and settings.
      • Windows 8 has replaced the Start menu with the Start screen. It functions much the same way, but is fundamentally different in the way it displays information.
      • OS X allows you to use multiple desktops to keep things organized and under control. See this guide for details on how to take advantage of multiple desktops.
   3. 
      4
      Learn mouse and keyboard basics. The mouse and keyboard are your primary means of interacting with your computer. Take some time to get familiar with how they work and how you can interact with your operating system and programs.

      • Learn how to use a mouse to navigate. Your mouse allows for pinpoint navigation and control, and is necessary for a wide variety of activities. Getting familiar with how to use the mouse will go a long way towards making you a more proficient computer user.
      • Practice some keyboard shortcuts to improve your work flow. Keyboard shortcuts are combinations of keyboard keys that perform a function in the program or operating system you are using. For example, in most programs that allow saving files, pressing Ctrl+S (⌘ Cmd+S on a Mac) will automatically save your current file.
   4. 
      5
      Launch some preinstalled applications. Even if you built your computer yourself, there will be some preinstalled applications and utilities that you can use without having to install anything additional. If you are using Windows, click the Start menu and browse through your available programs. If you are using a Mac, check your Dock and Applications folder.
   5. 
      6
      Install your first program. Installing software is a very common task on a computer, no matter what kind of computer you are using. The process is usually very straightforward, as most installers give clear instructions for each step.

      • Installing Microsoft Office is a good place to start if you are using a Windows computer. Having access to a word processor is invaluable, and is one of the main purposes of many people's computers. Many Windows computers come with a trial version of Office already installed.
      • Installing software on a Mac is a little bit different than installing on a Windows PC. This is mainly due to the underlying structure of the Mac operating system. Many Mac users find installing